Integrative taxonomy of the Russet Bush Warbler <i>Locustella mandelli</i> complex reveals a new species from central China

Per Alström; Canwei Xia; Pamela C Rasmussen; Urban Olsson; Bo Dai; Jian Zhao; Paul J Leader; Geoff J Carey; Lu Dong; Tianlong Cai; Paul I Holt; Hung Le Manh; Gang Song; Yang Liu; Yanyun Zhang; Fumin Lei

doi:10.1186/s40657-015-0016-z

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Avian Research > 2015 > 6(1): 9. > DOI: 10.1186/s40657-015-0016-z

Per Alström, Canwei Xia, Pamela C Rasmussen, Urban Olsson, Bo Dai, Jian Zhao, Paul J Leader, Geoff J Carey, Lu Dong, Tianlong Cai, Paul I Holt, Hung Le Manh, Gang Song, Yang Liu, Yanyun Zhang, Fumin Lei. 2015: Integrative taxonomy of the Russet Bush Warbler Locustella mandelli complex reveals a new species from central China. Avian Research, 6(1): 9. DOI: 10.1186/s40657-015-0016-z

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Integrative taxonomy of the Russet Bush Warbler Locustella mandelli complex reveals a new species from central China

1.
Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
2.
Swedish Species Information Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7007, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
3.
Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Ecological Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
4.
Department of Integrative Biology and MSU Museum, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48864, USA
5.
Bird Group, The Natural History Museum at Tring, Akeman Street, Tring HP23 6AP, UK
6.
Department of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Systematics and Biodiversity, University of Gothenburg, Box 463, SE-405 30 Göteborg, Sweden
7.
College of Life Sciences, Leshan Normal University, Leshan, Sichuan 614004, China
8.
State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and College of Ecology and Evolution, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
9.
c/o AEC Ltd, 121–127 Commercial Centre, Palm Springs, Yuen Long, Hong Kong
10.
Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet St., Hanoi, Vietnam
11.
Bracken Dean, Pendleton, Clitheroe, Lancashire BB7 1PT, UK
12.
College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

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Corresponding author:
Per Alström, per.alstrom@slu.se

Fumin Lei, leifm@ioz.ac.cn
Received Date: 15 Dec 2014
Accepted Date: 10 Mar 2015
Available Online: 24 Apr 2022
Published Date: 30 Apr 2015

Abstract

Abstract

Background
The Russet Bush Warbler Locustella (previously Bradypterus) mandelli complex occurs in mountains in the eastern Himalayas, southern China, Vietnam, the Philippines, and Indonesia. The taxonomy has been debated, with one (L. seebohmi) to four (L. seebohmi, L. mandelli, L. montis and L. timorensis) species having been recognised.
Methods
We used an integrative approach, incorporating analyses of morphology, vocalizations and a molecular marker, to re-evaluate species limits in the L. mandelli complex.
Results
We found that central Chinese L. mandelli differed from those from India through northern Southeast Asia to southeast China in plumage, morphometrics and song. All were easily classified by song, and (wing + culmen)/tail ratio overlapped only marginally. Both groups were reciprocally monophyletic in a mitochondrial cytochrome b (cytb) gene tree, with a mean divergence of 1.0 ± 0.2%. They were sympatric and mostly altitudinally segregated in the breeding season in southern Sichuan province. We found that the Mt Victoria (western Myanmar) population differed vocally from other L. mandelli, but no specimens are available. Taiwan Bush Warbler L. alishanensis was sister to the L. mandelli complex, with the most divergent song. Plumage, vocal and cytb evidence supported the distinctness of the south Vietnamese L. mandelli idonea. The Timor Bush Warbler L. timorensis, Javan Bush Warbler L. montis and Benguet Bush Warbler L. seebohmi differed distinctly in plumage, but among-population song variation in L. montis exceeded the differences between some populations of these taxa, and mean pairwise cytb divergences were only 0.5-0.9%. We also found that some L. montis populations differed morphologically.
Conclusions
We conclude that the central Chinese population of Russet Bush Warbler represents a new species, which we describe herein, breeding at mid elevations in Sichuan, Shaanxi, Hubei, Hunan and Guizhou provinces. The taxonomic status of the other allopatric populations is less clear. However, as they differ to a degree comparable with that of the sympatric L. mandelli and the new species, we elevate L. idonea to species status, and retain L. seebohmi and L. montis as separate species, the latter with timorensis as a subspecies. Further research should focus on different populations of L. montis and the Mt Victoria population of L. mandelli.

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Integrative taxonomy of the Russet Bush Warbler Locustella mandelli complex reveals a new species from central China

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Integrative taxonomy of the Russet Bush Warbler Locustella mandelli complex reveals a new species from central China

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